X'Pert³ Powder

Anton Paar BTS 150 and BTS 500 benchtop heating stages are compact and cost-effective solutions for basic non-ambient X-ray diffraction experiments in reflection geometry. BTS 150 is equipped with a Peltier heating element enabling a temperature range from – 10 ºC to 150 ºC. The resistance heater of BTS 500 allows the heating of a sample from ambient temperature up to 500 ºC. Both heating stages can be used with an air, vacuum or inert gas atmosphere. A thermocouple is placed close to the sample for accurate temperature measurement and control. An optional beam knife can be used to minimize low- angle background.

The Chimera chamber is a new non-ambient attachment from Oxford Cryosystems and essentially a smaller version of the Phenix Cryostat. It incorporates a single stage Gifford McMahon cooler (as opposed to the two-stage cooler of the Phenix) to enable measurements at temperatures from -203 ºC (70 K) to 252 ºC (525 K) without liquid nitrogen. Chimera offers excellent temperature stability of 0.1 K and variable ramp rates, (1 – 360 K/hour). It takes only 35 minutes to cool down from room temperature to 70 K. Thanks to the design there is virtually no consumption of helium. Sample preparation and exchange are quick and easy.

Anton Paar DHS 1100 is a unique compact high-temperature device allowing tilt and rotation of the sample with respect to the X-ray beam for advanced thin film applications. The optimized heater design guarantees high temperature uniformity and accurate temperature measurement and control. The X-ray-transparent half-circle dome enables a large field of view when working with 2D detectors. For easy handling of air-sensitive samples a gas flow ring enabling a flow of inert gas is placed around the sample insert port.

Anton Paar HPC 900 is a furnace-type heater optimized for in situ powder X-ray diffraction measurements (reflection geometry, Mo or Ag radiation) on powder and solid samples with gas atmospheres in the pressure range from 1 to 100 bars. It was designed to work with hydrogen, but other gases can also be used (please see chamber leaflet for details). A double-wall chamber design consisting of an inner pressure core and an outer safety shell is flushed with N₂ gas to prevent accumulation of dangerous gas mixtures. Due to the environmental heating to 900 ºC high temperature uniformity is guaranteed over the entire sample volume. The thermocouple is placed right underneath the sample for accurate temperature measurement and control. For an easy handling of air-sensitive samples a gas flow ring enabling a flow of inert gas is placed around the sample insert port.

Anton Paar HTK 1200N is designed for powder X-ray diffraction in reflection and transmission geometries with environmental heating of the sample up to 1200 ºC in air, inert atmosphere or vacuum. Thanks to the heater geometry there is virtually no restriction on sample thickness, therefore, along with organic or inorganic powders, high-temperature behavior of bulk samples can also be studied with this chamber. The thermocouple is placed right underneath the sample for accurate temperature measurement and control. Optional oscillation of the sample table helps to improve particle statistics for powder XRD in reflection geometry. An optional capillary spinner attachment enables measurements in transmission geometry for highly air-sensitive materials or samples with a strong tendency to preferred orientations. Sample preparation and sample exchange is very easy and straightforward.

Anton Paar HTK 16N is a strip heater chamber designed for in situ powder X-ray diffraction in reflection geometry at temperatures up to 1600 ºC in vacuum, air or inert atmosphere. Depending on the experimental requirements, various types of heating strips (Pt, Ta, graphite; others on request) can be mounted inside the chamber. Due to the direct sample heating the heat-up rate with a Pt or Ta strip can be as fast as 400 ºC/min. The design of the chamber is optimized for a minimum temperature gradient along the heating strip and for maximum position stability of the sample. Two thermocouples are available for accurate temperature measurement and control. Optionally a beam knife can be placed above the sample for improved background at low angles. The HTK 16N is suitable for XRD studies of both organic and inorganic materials.

Anton Paar HTK 2000N is a strip heater chamber designed for powder X-ray diffraction in reflection geometry at extremely high temperatures up to 2300 ºC (tungsten strip) in vacuum, air or inert atmosphere. Depending on the experimental requirements, various types of heating strips (Pt, W, Ta; others on request) can be mounted inside the chamber. Due to the direct sample heating the heat-up rate can be as fast as 500 ºC/min (with W strip). The design of the chamber is optimized for a minimum temperature gradient along the heating strip and for maximum position stability of the sample.

The Anton Paar MHC-trans chamber is a dedicated chamber for in situ powder X-ray diffraction measurements at controlled temperature and humidity conditions. The chamber is designed for transmission geometry (foils) and has a built-in sample changer with 8 sample positions for high throughput applications. It has an environmental heater enabling temperatures from -10 to 150 ºC in dry atmosphere (dry air or nitrogen gas). The relative humidity can be changed from 5 to 95 %rH at temperatures from 10 to 80 ºC. The thermocouple and humidity sensor are in the direct vicinity of the sample for accurate measurement and control of both temperature and relative humidity. The chamber is equipped with a beam stop for an improved low-angle background.

Oxford Cryosystems PheniX is a unique solution for X-ray diffraction at extremely low temperatures. It is a compact closed-cycle helium cryostat enabling a temperature range from 25 °C (298 K) down to - 261 °C (12 K) with a temperature uniformity across the sample of 0.1 degree. It takes only 40 minutes to cool down to 20 K and an additional 20 minutes to reach a temperature of 12 K. Thanks to the design there is virtually no consumption of helium. Sample preparation and exchange is quick and easy.

Anton Paar XRK 900 is a furnace-type heater optimized for in situ powder X-ray diffraction measurements (reflection geometry) at various gas atmospheres in the pressure range from 1 mbar to 10 bars. Due to environmental heating to 900 ºC, high temperature uniformity is guaranteed over the entire sample volume. The thermocouple is placed right underneath the sample for accurate temperature measurement and control. Optional oscillation of the sample table helps to improve the particle statistics for powder XRD in reflection geometry. Sample holders allowing for gas flow through the sample ensure a maximum reaction surface. A special sample holder unit with an additional electrical feed through for battery research at temperatures to 260 ºC is available.