| 00:00:00 | Uses of an Abbe refractometer |
| 00:01:23 | Uses of an Abbe refractometer |
| 00:01:43 | Published Abstract |
| 00:02:31 | Overview |
| 00:03:07 | Obligatory opening quotation |
| 00:03:55 | How could you calculate the RI of a G6 dendrimer? It’s ~ 1.56….. |
| 00:04:28 | G6 Dendrimer Zetasizer Nano |
| 00:05:00 | General |
| 00:06:11 | Refractive index |
| 00:07:01 | Aside – the linkage between RI and density is old Newton (1704) and Laplace (1805) |
| 00:07:39 | Gladstone-Dale estimation: Brookite form of TiO2 |
| 00:08:28 | Clausius-Mossotti & Lorentz-Lorenz |
| 00:08:59 | H A Lorentz – The Theory of Electrons |
| 00:09:46 | Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (July 18, 1853 – February 4, 1928) |
| 00:10:28 | “Cast your mind back n years” With apologies to the Move’s “Fire Brigade” |
| 00:11:08 | Molar refractivity – Lorentz-Lorenz equation |
| 00:11:37 | 2012 recalculations Experiment carried out correctly! |
| 00:13:14 | CRC Handbook 56th Edition (1975-1976) Page E-223 |
| 00:13:54 | RI prediction – nonane; linear aliphatic hydrocarbon |
| 00:14:40 | Molar refractivity = Refractive index prediction |
| 00:15:25 | RI predictions Table 2 from MRK843-01 |
| 00:15:52 | G6 dendrimer – RI calculation Based on CMR3 values for atomic refractivities |
| 00:16:35 | ChemSketch |
| 00:17:10 | ChemSketch |
| 00:17:44 | Use of molar refractivity dn/dc of proteins |
| 00:18:38 | Protein refractive index increment (dn/dc) |
| 00:19:10 | Abbes on eBay |
| 00:20:02 | Abbe – Department of Agriculture – 1912 – page 131 |
| 00:20:40 | Arthur Thomas - 1921 |
| 00:21:22 | Sugar refractometer |
| 00:22:18 | Scale is “0 – 28% Sugar” (1% = 1 Brix) but…. |
| 00:22:41 | 10.3% Sucrose; RI = 1.3483 |
| 00:23:09 | Abbe – in wooden box |
| 00:23:56 | Prism & Scale RI = 1.70 top limit |
| 00:25:28 | Critical angle |
| 00:26:56 | The prism is crucial |
| 00:27:44 | Thomas R P Gibb Jr. “Optical Methods of Chemical Analysis” First Edition McGraw Hill (1942) page 320 Figure 274 |
| 00:28:40 | Principle of operation – the critical angle |
| 00:29:33 | Standard (Gem/Herbert Smith) Refractometer |
| 00:30:26 | Herbert Smith Refractometer |
| 00:31:51 | An aside - herbertsmithite |
| 00:32:20 | G F Herbert Smith “Gem-Stones and their distinctive characters” Methuen & Co., London, 2nd Edition (1913) |
| 00:32:54 | J H Steward |
| 00:33:29 | A really simple adaptation Pocket gem refractometer by Gem Instruments |
| 00:34:07 | Fresnel Reflectivity = [[RI1 – RI2]/[RI1 + RI2]]2 |
| 00:35:48 | Roth & Eisenlohr |
| 00:36:28 | Calibration glass http://www.musoptin.com/abbe_ref_2028.html |
| 00:36:59 | Abbe refractometer |
| 00:38:15 | Solids on the Abbe |
| 00:39:23 | Solids - continued |
| 00:40:16 | Saveyn method |
| 00:40:43 | Lisinopril C21H31N3O5 |
| 00:41:09 | Lisinopril |
| 00:42:03 | Extrapolation of 1% protein solutions to 100% |
| 00:42:43 | Basis of RI and density calculations for adsorbed protein layers |
| 00:43:01 | Summary |
| 00:43:21 | References |
| 00:43:46 | Abbe refractometer - references |
| 00:44:16 | Molar refractivity - book references |
| 00:44:30 | Molar refractivity - Book references |
| 00:44:39 | JACS review – November 1912 |
| 00:45:02 | Other helpful references |
| 00:45:22 | Thank you! |
| 00:45:41 | Contact Information |
This webinar will highlight the various uses that an Abbé refractometer can perform especially in relation to the determination of optical properties required for calculating particle size distributions using the technique of laser diffraction.